In a database, a deadlock is an unwanted situation in which two or more transactions are waiting indefinitely for one another to give up locks. Deadlock is said
We have discussed the basics of Transactions and Schedules in Concurrency Control (Introduction) article. As discussed, a transaction may not execute completely
As discussed in Concurrency control , serial schedules have less resource utilization and low throughput. To improve it, two are more transactions are run concu
Bitmap Indexing is a special type of database indexing that uses bitmaps. This technique is used for huge databases, when column is of low cardinality and these
Prerequisite – Types of Schedules, Transaction Isolation Levels in DBMS There are mainly four types of common concurrency problems: dirty read, lost read, non
Starvation or Livelock is the situation when a transaction has to wait for a indefinate period of time to acquire a lock. Reasons of Starvation – If waiting s
A Data Base Management System is a system software for easy, efficient and reliable data processing and management. It can be used for: Creation of a database.
Multimedia database is the collection of interrelated multimedia data that includes text, graphics (sketches, drawings), images, animations, video, audio etc an
Datawarehouse and Data Mart, both are storage components of HDFS. Data mart is such a storage component which is concerned on a specific department of an organi
A database object is any defined object in a database that is used to store or reference data.Anything which we make from create command is known as Database Ob
A database management system (DBMS) interface is a user interface which allows for the ability to input queries to a database without using the query language i
With the phenomenal growth in digital data, particularly generated from multi-media and other enterprise application the need for high-performance storage solut
There are many advantages and disadvantages of DBMS (Database Management System). Disadvantages of DBMS are explained as following below. 1. Increased Cost: The
Prerequisite – Introduction of ER Model Enhanced entity-relationship diagrams are advanced database diagrams very similar to regular ER diagrams which represe
Prerequisite – ER Model A relationship between two entities of similar entity type is called a recursive relationship. Here the same entity type participates
Impedance mismatch is basically the term used to refer to the problems that basically occurs due to differences between the database model and the programming l
Basically for large databases with many expected users and applications the view integration approach of designing individual schema and then merging them can b
Tupple Relational Calculus is a non-procedural query language unlike relational algebra. Tupple Calculus provides only the description of the query but it does
Data Replication is the process of storing data in more than one site or node. It is useful in improving the availability of data. It is simply copying data fro
Concurrency Control deals with interleaved execution of more than one transaction. In the next article, we will see what is serializability and how to find whe
A transaction is a single logical unit of work which accesses and possibly modifies the contents of a database. Transactions access data using read and write op
Atomicity property of DBMS states that either all the operations of transactions must be performed or none. The modifications done by an aborted transaction sho
Semantic Heterogeneity basically occurs when schema or data set for same domain is developed by independent parties which leads to differences in meaning, inter
Prerequisites : Basics of SQL In nested queries, a query is written inside a query. The result of inner query is used in execution of outer query. We will us
DBMS(DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) A database is an organized collection of data, generally stored and accessed electronically from a computer system. Where datab
