The computers, present in the early days of computer history, had accumulator based CPUs. In this type of CPU organization, the accumulator register is used imp
Computer perform task on the basis of instruction provided. A instruction in computer comprises of groups called fields. These field contains different informat
Prerequisite – Basic Computer Instructions, Instruction Formats An instruction format defines the different component of an instruction. The main components o
Representing and storing numbers were the basic of operation of the computers of earlier times. The real go came when computation, manipulating numbers like add
A port is basically a physical docking point which is basically used to connect the external devices to the computer or we can say that A port act as an interfa
Parallel computing is a computing where the jobs are broken into discrete parts that can be executed concurrently. Each part is further broken down to a series
1. Multiprocessor: A Multiprocessor is a computer system with two or more central processing units (CPUs) share full access to a common RAM. The main objective
Introduction: A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information or data. It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data. Nowadays, a comp
To execute an instruction, the control unit of the CPU must generate the required control signal in the proper sequence. There are two approaches used for gener
Cache is close to CPU and faster than main memory. But at the same time is smaller than main memory. The cache organization is about mapping data in memory to a
Control Unit is the part of the computer’s central processing unit (CPU), which directs the operation of the processor. It was included as part of the Von Neu
Prerequisite – Hardwired v/s Micro-programmed Control Unit Basically, control unit (CU) is the engine that runs the entire functions of a computer with the he
Locality of reference refers to a phenomenon in which a computer program tends to access same set of memory locations for a particular time period. In other wor
Caches are the faster memories that are built to deal with the Processor-Memory gap in data read operation, i.e. the time difference in a data read operation in
A Subprogram is a program inside any larger program that can be reused any number of times. Characteristics of a Subprogram: (1) A Subprogram is implemented usi
A memory unit stores binary information in groups of bits called words. Data input lines provide the information to be stored into the memory, Data output lines
Internal structure of Memory either RAM or ROM is made of memory cells which contains a memory bit. Basically group of 8 bits makes a word. Now the memory is fo
Asynchronous input output is a form of input output processing that allows others devices to do processing before the transmission or data transfer is done. Pro
Bus is a group of conducting wires which carries information, all the peripherals are connected to microprocessor through Bus. Diagram to represent bus organiza
It is named after computer scientist Gene Amdahl( a computer architect from IBM and Amdahl corporation), and was presented at the AFIPS Spring Joint Computer Co
A database consist of a huge amount of data. The data is grouped within a table in RDBMS, and each table have related records. A user can see that the data is s
Prerequisite – Hashing Data Structure In database management system, When we want to retrieve a particular data, It becomes very inefficient to search all the
A data-warehouse is a heterogeneous collection of different data sources organised under a unified schema. There are 2 approaches for constructing data-warehous
Prerequisite – DBMS | File Organization – Set 1, File Organization-Set 2 B+ Tree File Organization – B+ Tree, as the name suggests, It uses a tree like st
Prerequisites – Introduction to Hadoop, Apache HBase HBase architecture has 3 main components: HMaster, Region Server, Zookeeper. Figure – Architecture of H